![]() ![]() Britain constructed 60% of the world’s shipping in the decade before WWI, however this fell to 35% by the late 1930s, and by 1970 it was negligible (Hey). The manufacture of warships provided major employment in shipyards during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The first steamship was Brunel’s Great Western (1838) and the first iron ship was his Great Britain (1843) both built in Bristol. The 18th-19th centuries saw the heyday of the wooden merchant ships of the East India Company and others trading worldwide.Īs the technology changed to steam power and then to iron and steel construction the industry moved north to Liverpool, Teesside, Clydesdale in Scotland, and Belfast in Northern Ireland although London remained a major centre for building, repairs, and goods (freight) and passenger service. ![]() The Tudor monarchs constructed warships with oak timbers and iron cannons from the Weald. Vessels have been built in coastal and riverine areas for thousands of years, and Britain’s first navy was created by Alfred the Great who reigned 871-901 AD. People living on islands develop a dependency on boats and ships for the transport of people and goods, intra- and international trade, and for defence. A ship was formerly a vessel with a bowsprit (the spar extending forward over the ship’s bow to which the forestays are fastened) and three to five square-rigged masts, but now means any sea-going vessel of considerable size. Ship and Boat Building Ī boat is defined as a small open, oared or sailing vessel, fishing vessel, mail packet, or small steamer. ![]()
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